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COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY ELEMENTS

A. Introduction  導言

The main reason to write a collection development policy is to prevent the library from being driven by events or by individual enthusiasms  and from purchasing a random set of resources, which may not support the mission of the library. Besides, electronic resources are becoming increasingly important to libraries of all types and sizes, and are consuming an ever-increasing share of library budgets. Therefore, selection decisions concerning electronic information resources should also be made within an explicit  collection development policy. This might be a separate policy or an integrated  one. The first elements of a collection development policy will be a mission statement of the library, the purpose of this policy and the audience to whom it is addressed . It should also include brief statements about the community or user group(s); description of the types of programs the library collection serves; the size (including number of periodicals , monographic  volumes, electronic resources, languages represented) of the collection; a detailed budgetary overview  of the money the library will spend on the different types of information resources; and any formal or informal cooperative agreements that affect the collection policy or practices.

寫館藏發展政策的主要原因是為了保護圖書館被迫在事件上或因個人熱情，而胡亂的購買資料，而這資料無法成為一個能支持圖書館的館藏。此外，電子資源在 所有館藏中的類型和規模正逐漸的增加，對圖書館它變得越來越重要，而且它也佔據越來越多的圖書館預算。因此，決定在選擇電子資源方面也應該作出明確的館藏發展政策。綜合整個政策之一的功能，這能將不需要的館藏隔離。館藏發展政策中的第一要素是一個聲明使命其的圖書館，這政策的目的是讓館員和讀者都能依此去處理，它也應對社會或眾多讀者有簡短的發言；描述各種類型圖書館的藏書服務、規模（包括一些期刊、專題性叢書、電子資源、語言派別分類）的收藏工作;詳細記錄圖書館將總預算資金花費在哪些不同類型的資源上;和任何正式或非正式的館際合作，對於館藏政策或做法有何影響。

B. General Statements

Here will be listed characteristics  that determine the direction of the development of the collection such as: current focus only or also retrospective  acquisitions ; the resource types (monographs, periodicals, theses, gray literature, maps, etc.); languages; formats (printed, nonprint or electronic); special sources of funding (a grant or gift from a donor); the policy regarding gifts and any special policies regarding maintenance (weeding, discarding, preservation) of the collection; and size of the collections. Other statements can be about how complaints are handled ; if there is an equivalent  to the "Library Bill of Rights"; about other relevant  policies; what limitations  exist - what subjects or areas are intentionally not collected etc.

在這裡將列出特點，確定館藏發展方向，如：當前或追溯收購以前的資料、資源類型（專著，期刊，論文，灰色文獻，地圖等）、語言、格式（印刷、非印刷或電子版）、特殊的經費來源（補助或捐助者的饋贈）、各種館藏政策中對修補館藏（淘汰、丟棄、保存）的收藏工作內容和收藏的規模。如果有一個相當於"圖書館權利法案"的說明對其他相關館藏政策可以來投訴並說明如何處理其他問題，如：收集館藏時，存在什麼樣的限制和哪些科目或領域是不收集的等。

C. Narrative Statements 敘事性聲明

Each institution, including its community and other constituents , is unique. Therefore, its policy statements will be unique. The policy statements should reflect this particular library and the community it serves.

• Statements should be made of special subject or format collections that represent unique materials and for which special guidelines apply, and which formats are excluded.
• The scope of coverage should be described (languages collected or excluded; geographical areas covered and/or specific areas excluded; chronologicalperiods covered by the collection in terms of intellectual content and in terms of publication dates and specific periods excluded).
• Subjects should be described in terms of the library's classification scheme and subject descriptors.
• Library unit or selector responsible for the collection(s).
• Other categories of useful local information, such as interdisciplinary relationships;

consortial relationships; policies for acquiring access to information.

• Other factors of local importance.

  每個機構，包含社會和其他部分，都是獨一無二的。因此，政策聲明也是獨一無二的。該政策聲明應反映特有的圖書館和其社區服務。

‧國家應當作出特別的主題或內容的集合，表示其獨特的材料或特殊指引，並且不分任何的格式。

‧說明涵蓋的範圍（排除語文的收藏、地域範圍和特定領域、時間順序與相關的知識內容或出版日期、具體時間亦排除）。

‧學科應該依據圖書館的分類法和標題表來被描述說明。

‧圖書館單位或是選擇者必須承擔收藏館藏的責任。

‧其他收藏中有用的一些當地相關資料，如學科的關係、協調性關係、政策、如何取得資料。

‧當地其他重要的因素。

D. Subject Profiles學科概況

This section of the policy is based upon collection assessment  (also referred to as collection evaluation) and needs periodic  updating to reflect progress towards goals or goal revision due to changing circumstances. The preferred presentation is a set of conspectus reports, which include all appropriate collection information. Conspectus means an overview or summary of collection strength and collecting intensities  - arranged by subject, classification scheme , or combination of either, and containing standardized codes for collection or collecting levels and languages of materials collected. Such a conspectus  is a synopsis  of a library's collection or of a consortium's or network's coordinated collection development overview or policy. The first conspectus was developed by the Research Libraries Group (RLG) and was subsequently adapted by other groups such as the WLN (Western Library Network). The information should be provided for each conspectus division (24), category (500) and subject (4000) evaluated  by the library. See the Appendix for the list of the 24 Conspectus Divisions. The assessment is achieved by a number of steps which include planning, gathering data, assigning collection depth indicators  (or levels) and language codes. This information is used to manage the library's resources and to make other decisions relevant to the general operations.

本節的政策是論述評估館藏（也稱為館藏的評價），需要定期更新以反映目標的進展情況或不斷變化的情況。 最好用概論報告方式介紹，其中包括應所有適當的收藏方法。    概論方式是概括或總結收藏館藏的強度-安排的問題、分類辦法，或組合問題並在相關材料方面做標準化代碼或相同的語言收集。這樣的概論是一個概括了圖書館的館藏、財團、網路的協調發展政策。第一概論是由圖書館研究集團（簡稱RLG）所作，而之後還有其他群體，如WLN （西部圖書館網絡）作出修改。資料包含區域（ 24 ）、類別（ 500 ）和主題（ 4000 ）應被圖書館評鑑。詳細見附錄名單中的24個區域。評估收藏的一系列步驟，其中包括規劃、收集數據、收藏的鑑定指標（或水平）和語言代碼。而此資訊是用來管理圖書館的館藏和作出其他相關業務的決定。